Peptic ulcer is a common type of ulcer and is seen in about 10 percent of Americans. Peptic ulcer is the formation of sore in epithelial lining of stomach and the duodenum. Duodenum is the starting phase of small intestine. There are different types of peptic ulcers based on the cause. Majority of peptic ulcers are due to a type of bacterial infection, certain types of cancer and due to long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). Use of spicy foods, stress conditions and not taking food on time are only factors that make the condition worse. These are not responsible for ulcer development.
Helicobacter pylori, is the bacteria responsible for majority of peptic ulcers. Infection of this type bacterium is common on Americans over the age of 40. But not all individuals with Helicobacter pylori infection possess peptic ulcer and the reason is still unknown. So far the research on basic reason of peptic ulcer showed that, the H. pylori infection is based on the individual and the strain of bacteria infected. As the presence of bacteria has been identified in saliva of infected person, it can be spread even through kissing.
How infection cause ulcer?
Helicobacter pylori possess an alkaline coating around the body. This weakens the mucous membrane or coating of stomach and duodenal inner wall. This weakening results in production and influx of acid to the stomach. The bacteria along with acid cause irritation in stomach and finally lead to peptic ulcer. As the bacterium is producing alkaline covering, it can survive in acid environment by neutralizing the acid. Helicobacter pylori start multiplying, producing more alkaline materials that makes situation worse. The spiral shape of bacteria helps it to burrow the lining.
Symptoms of Peptic Ulcer
The immediate symptoms of peptic ulcer include severe and sudden stomach pain with bloody stools. Vomiting gastric contents with blood stains are also considered as initial symptoms of peptic ulcer. Associated symptoms like perforation, obstruction and internal bleeding indicates the severity of condition.
Other symptoms of peptic ulcer are gnawing abdominal ache that occurs 2-3 hours after a meal. It usually starts when stomach gets emptied (usually at midnight) and can be relieved by antacid treatment. Symptoms like weight loss, bloating, loss of appetite, nausea, burping and vomiting are also associated with peptic ulcer. |
